In this lecture, Efim Zelmanov will discuss the unique features of Mathematics using examples from history and from our time.

在石油、化工、制药等工业应用中，45-55%的能耗等用于分离过程中。相较于传统分离过程如蒸发、精馏等，膜分离过程更加地节能、环保、高效。但长久以来，对膜分离层厚度以及其孔径的精准调控一直都是个难题。本报告中，通过控制界面聚合过程，膜分离层的厚度被降到10纳米以下，实现了溶剂的通量成数量级地增长。并且，通过对单体进行改性，加入疏水嵌段，让膜由亲水变为疏水，使其在原油分馏中同时达到了高通量和高选择性。另外，通过利用多孔材料（如有机分子笼、大环分子等）构建膜结构，并使之在膜内有序排列，实现了对膜孔径在埃米尺度的精准调控，拓展了膜在精细分离过程（如药物提纯）中的应用。 The chemical separations often account for 45-55% of the total industrial energy consumption in petroleum, chemical engineering, pharmaceuticals and other industrial applications. Compared to conventional separation process (i.e., distillation and rectification), membrane separation process will be more energy-saving, environmental-friendly, and high-efficiency. However, to precisely regulate the thickness and pore size of membranes has long been a great challenge in this field. In this report, the manipulation of the film thickness down to ~10 nanometers achieved permeance one order of magnitude higher than that of current state-of-the-art polyamide membranes while retaining comparable size- and class-based separation. Meanwhile, with the introduction of hydrophobic block, the hydrophilic membrane surface turned into hydrophobic surface, achieving much higher permeance and selectivity in the fractionation of light crude oil. Additionally, the porous material-based building blocks have been applied for the creation of well-defined membrane with aligned pore structure, further realizing the precision separation at the sub-nanometre scale, which expands their potential for application in crude oil fractionation, purification of drugs, etc.

徐一鸿教授将列举并讨论理论物理学的十大基础思想。本讲座基于普林斯顿大学出版社即将出版的同名科普读物。该书旨在对理论物理进行全面概述，而不是提供大量细节，因此本讲座可能适合那些对理论物理感兴趣但又不甚了解的人。 Prof. Anthony Zee will list and discuss the ten foundational ideas of theoretical physics. The lecture is based on a forthcoming popular book with the same title now in production at Princeton University Press. The book is meant to provide a sweeping overview of theoretical physics rather than a morass of details, and thus this talk may be suitable for those who are interested in theoretical physics but do not know much about it.

The data science ecosystem encompasses data fairness, statistical, ML methods and tools, interpretable data analysis, and trustworthy decision-making. Rapid advancements in ML have revolutionized data utilization and enabled machines to learn from data more effectively. Statistics, as the science of learning from data while accounting for uncertainty, plays a pivotal role in addressing complex real-world problems and facilitating trustworthy decision-making. In this talk, I will discuss the challenges and opportunities involved in building an end-to-end scalable and interpretable data science ecosystem that integrates statistics, ML, and domain science. I will illustrate key points using the analysis of whole genome sequencing data and electronic health records by discussing a few scalable and interpretable statistical and ML methods, tools and data science resources, using large annotation databases, summary statistics, sparsity, and ensemble methods. This talk aims to ignite proactive and thought-provoking discussions, foster collaboration, and cultivate open-minded approaches to advance scientific discovery.

催化反应在绿色可持续化学的发展过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。近年来，协同催化（即多位点协同进行化学催化）的概念引起了研究领域的广泛关注。协同催化突破了传统催化单一位点的局限性，为催化剂设计带来全新的思路。在本报告中，我将从分子催化、生物催化和异相催化三个维度分别介绍我们近期在协同催化方面所取得的重要进展，借此向大家展示协同催化概念针对诸多类型催化剂设计的通用性和适用性。 Catalysis has an important role in green and sustainable chemistry. The notion of cooperative catalysis, whereby more than one chemical entities work together to catalyze a chemical process, has gained momentums in recent years. Such cooperative catalysis may bring in new tools in catalyst design, and may overcome limitations of single-site catalysis. In this presentation I will describe several recent examples of our work covering cooperative catalysis in the three separate domains of catalysis: molecular, bio, and hetereogeneoues (electro) catalysis. I hope to demonstrate cooperative catalysis as a universal design principle for all types of catalysts.

动力系统描述了几何空间中的点在固定规则下随时间的演化情况。作为现代数学的新兴研究领域，动力系统的起源蕴含深厚的统计力学、信息论、微分方程与概率论背景，串联了分析、几何、代数、组合图论等数学主要领域，从独特的角度剖析背景各异的数学现象之间的关联。同时，动力系统被广泛应用于机械工程、航空航天、交通运输、气象分析等各个行业里模型的构建与解析中，与我们的日常生活息息相关。在本报告中，我们将回顾现代动力系统发展的历史，并通过剖析数个形式简单的经典案例中丰富而复杂的动力学行为，来介绍现代动力系统理论的思想和方法。

What is the role of the structural engineer in her and his collaborations with architects and artists? Notable structural engineers from Ove Arup to Fazlur Khan have acted at times as consulting facilitator and brilliant technician and other times as lead designers. What critical concepts that can account for the creative contributions of the actors in key works of architecture? And what civic roles do engineers play in addressing the pressing needs of cities both in the climate crisis but also in the case of transformative events such as 9-11? This talk will review these questions from the perspective of the speaker’s participation in recent projects with architects and artists and design research to address the challenges of coastal resilience and adaptation.

轻型航空发动机作为军事飞行器的推进动力，直接决定了多类型国防装备的实战水平，成为影响战争进程、改变战争形态的重要装备。本报告围绕现代化战争的发展趋势和我国国防建设的重大需求，梳理了轻型航空发动机的地位作用和发展现状，阐述了轻型航空动力的特征，分析了轻型航空动力研制中所面临的挑战，重点探讨了航空发动机流动和燃烧等方面的基础科学问题，介绍了团队在轻型航空动力领域从基础研究、关键核心技术攻关到工程应用的创新链条。

在过去的40年中，中国教育的规模化发展极大地促进了中国经济的快速崛起。现今，人工智能的迅猛发展，标志着人类正站在从工业时代迈向数智时代的关键节点。这一时代变革，为各国的发展和人类的未来带来了前所未有的机遇与挑战。习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出：教育、科技、人才是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的基础性、战略性支撑。破解历史难题，实现教育、科技、人才“三位一体”协调发展，必须回归它们的本质，回答好“何谓教育？何谓创新？何谓人才？”这三个基本问题，以及为何难以打通它们的更本质问题。中国科学院院士、清华大学钱学森力学班首席教授、深圳零一学院创始院长郑泉水教授，将结合从清华大学钱学森班到零一学院多年创新人才培养的实践经验，作主旨报告《痛快的学与教——数智时代个性化教育的实践与思考》，分享他在创新人才培养的深刻见解、培养经验及案例。

Arguably, (Kohn-Sham) density functional theory (DFT) has its roots in Slater’s 1951 paper on local electron-gas exchange, as an approximation to Hartree-Fock theory, that provided the basis for the Xα method which was introduced into chemistry with the Xα-Scattered Wave method that used a so-called muffin-tin potential providing spherical solutions solved on radial grids. I will trace some of the history of DFT through the 1960s and 70s, showing how Xα -SW opened doors and attracted chemists, particularly for transition-metal systems, into the 80s when techniques from quantum chemistry, notably Gaussian basis sets, took the forefront along with ever-improving exchange-correlation functionals and methods for treating complex dynamical physico-chemical systems. I’ll then fast-forward to today with the advent of artificial intelligence, machine learning and, most recently, emerging applications of quantum computing. Example applications will be drawn from our own work, searching for new drugs or nanocatalytic materials, on the one hand, and quantum entangled radical pairs in biology, on the other. With apologies to the myriad others whose work is surely more exemplary.

本次讲座介绍了数学优化领域，特别是线性规划与半正定规划问题近期的一些算法进展和求解软件开发工作。主要包括了：1，基于在线优化的高效预求解算法，2，求基本解的智能跳跃新算法，3，ADMM算法的新进展，4，基于GPU架构求解LP问题的PDHG算法。以上算法多数已经应用于最新的数值优化算法求解软件COPT，将其在过去三年在LP/SDP求解上提高了三倍以上速度。对某些著名困难问题，新算法将其求解时间从以前的数天/数小时下降到了分钟级别。

“墨子号”是国际上第一颗用于空间量子科学实验的卫星，该工程旨在建立卫星与地面远距离量子科学实验平台，并在此平台上完成空间大尺度量子科学实验。报告的主要内容包括：量子科学实验卫星的主要科学目标、工程目标、天地系统的构成和量子科学实验结果；工程的研制中解决的多项关键技术，特别在空间光电技术方面取得的技术进步；以及下一代中高轨量子科学实验卫星的发展设想。

一、前言 二、你的请求权基础？ 三、请求权基础的建构：法学方法的改变与创新 四、一个思考模式 五、请求权基础的方法 六、“请求权”与“抗辩”：对立性思考 七、判决型与鉴定型 八、案例研习 九、法律教育的任务 十、结论 十一、附录：案例说明

量子计算是挑战人类操控微观世界极限能力的世纪系统工程，有可能为第四次工业革命提供颠覆性算力支撑。作为被寄予厚望的技术路线之一，超导量子计算近几年发展迅速，有望在未来扩展到数千个量子比特以上。然而，在超导量子技术路线中，也存在量子比特集成难和量子比特纠错难等困境。在该报告中，将主要介绍深圳国际量子研究院在超导量子计算领域中的研究进展，包括在分布式量子芯片量子互联、量子纠错、超导量子网络等领域里程碑突破，并介绍在超导量子计算领域存在的一些困境和技术难题。

纵观历史，结构材料的革新是结构工程发展的主要动力之一。目前，世界上的基础设施建设，主要采用钢材（钢型材、钢筋）和混凝土， 但由钢材和混凝土建造的工程结构面临钢材锈蚀导致结构短寿的挑战。结构短寿导致的拆除重建，不仅会带来巨大经济损失，也会大大增加环境污染和碳排放。在土木工程领域，高性能纤维增强脂基复合材料（简称复合材料或者复材）是一种具有巨大应用潜力的新型材料：采用复合材料加固既有结构已经成为延长结构寿命的一种主流技术，而复合材料也为新建结构的技术创新提供了广阔的空间。本报告探讨如何在土木工程中应用复合材料提升新建结构的寿命，重点关注复合材料缠绕管、复合材料筋及复合材料索的应用，以及复合材料在海洋工程中的重要角色。

有机金属试剂在有机合成化学中得到了广泛应用。针对不同取代基，构象和构形的烯烃，开发出不同的稀土催化剂，以达到合成不同聚合物的目的极具挑战性。通过对有限的稀土元素的催化效果研究后，探索不同配体对稀土元素催化效果的影响，进而合成无限的稀土催化剂并为合成新化合物或之前不能发生聚合反应的烯烃提供了新的合成策略。

我们将沿着微分几何发展的一条主线，介绍被誉为二十世纪数学最重要定理之一的Atiyah-Singer指标定理。

The lecture will explore the start, growth and excitement of my academic career at Imperial College over the past 30 years, how did it develop through the different stages of academic progression? What are the learning lessons and takeaways that can be helpful to those starting, developing or already advanced on this exciting journey? This will also include a discussion of my wide experience of creating impact towards Industry and how best to manage their expectations and provide value! Finally, a technical discussion will discuss briefly the ‘The Journey towards Net Zero’ particularly in transportation systems, this will be done via the exploration of “The CO2 Equation”.

在本次报告中，首先将介绍经典的Fourier方法及其在线性常系数偏微分方程中的应用；继而讲解拟微分算子和Fourer积分算子及其在线性变系数偏微分方程中的应用；最后介绍Bony的仿伪分分解及其在非线性偏微分方程中的应用等学术前沿。

Solid-state batteries, in which the liquid electrolyte used in today’s lithium-ion batteries is replaced by a solid, could offer a leap forward in the performance and safety of batteries. They are regarded by many at the likely next big thing in battery tech. However, there are challenges facing solid-state batteries that require fundamental understanding of the science underpinning their operation. For example, at the negative electrode a Li metal anode is desirable to achieve high energy densities. On discharging such a cell, voids form at the Li/solid electrolyte interface due to limited Li metal creep/diffusion at practical stack pressures and practical discharge currents. These voids accumulate on cycling, leading to detachment of the Li anode and consequently high local currents during charge, triggering growth of dendrites (filaments of Li metal that penetrate the ceramic electrolyte). Li dendrites can penetrate ceramics even with high relative densities. When they reach the cathode (positive electrode) the cell short-circuits and fails catastrophically. The positive electrode also presents interfacial challenges. It is a composite of the active material, e.g. NMC 811, the solid electrolyte and carbon. Volume changes of the active material on cycling, reactivity at the interfaces and the need to ensure effective ion and electron transport throughout the composite are all problems to be addressed. I shall discuss some of these interfacial challenges as time permits. Combined operando X-ray CT and modelling reveals insights into voiding and dendrites. Dendrite initiation, then propagation across the solid electrolyte are revealed as separate processes, leading to different conclusions as to how they might be mitigated. Crack deflection to mitigate shorts will be considered as will contouring of the interface. There is a lot of interest in interlayers placed between the solid electrolyte and anode current collector. Carbon-based interlayers will be discussed, revealing the structural changes within the interlayer and Li deposition behaviour during the processes of charge and discharge. The performance limits and failure mechanisms of the interlayer will be considered. At the cathode, strategies for accommodating volume changes on cycling involving designer polymers are under investigation and will be presented if I have time.